How does Faustus use the magical gifts that he receives? Essay

Faustus is an extremely ambitious and clever man. This is seen to the extent that he sells his soul to fulfil his ambitions. He uses magic in order to strengthen his power and knowledge and thus this makes him dangerous. He is hubristic and aims to posses knowledge that no other mortal should have. In doing so he becomes synonymous to God. Faustus states â€Å"O what a world of profit and delight/Of power, of honour, of omnipotence/Is promis’d to the studious artisan! † This is what he intends to do with the magical gifts he receives but it soon becomes clear that ultimately everything Faustus does is for his own selfish needs. By comparing himself to a ‘studious artisan’ he hopes to gain the recognition of a scholarly work however, he fails to understand that scholars study for personal enlightenment and not material gain. Therefore ultimately Faustus achieves nothing with his magical gifts throughout the whole play. He gains no wealth, no recognition and no delight from his magic. Instead he condemns himself to death and illustrates that no man can ever be God as all men are fallible. Faustus’s attempts to use his magical gifts are futile and thus he gains nothing and is forever in debt to Mephostophilis. The pursuit of knowledge is directly linked with obtaining power. Faustus intends to acquire a greater intellect so that he can control everything. This is demonstrated by Faustus in Act one Scene one; â€Å"All things that move between the quiet poles/Shall be at my command. † Faustus exemplifies his desire to be the master of all. His reference to the quiet poles means that Faustus wants to rule the entire world, from North to South. The audience are reminded that Faustus is just a man; â€Å"Yet art thou still but Faustus, and a man,† however, he forgets his place in society. Faustus wants to use his magical gifts in order â€Å"to make men to live eternally/Or being dead raise them to life again. † The magical gifts allow Faustus to take on the role of God and this hubristic nature and desire for power is his downfall. Significantly, everything Faustus says is only what he intends to do with the magical gifts. He never does use the magical gifts to commit such acts and rather uses them for trivial acts such as comedy. This is illustrated in Act four Scene six when the Horse-Courser recounts his encounter with Faustus Dick and Robin. It is clear that Faustus has done nothing with the power that his magical gifts provide him with. Faustus also wants to use his magical gifts for his own pleasure and selfish needs. He aims to accomplish this by sending spirits to â€Å"search all corners of the new-found world/For pleasant fruits and princely delicates. † This pleasure could result in pride for Faustus which is what he claims that he wants at the beginning of the play. More importantly he considers himself worthy of these ‘princely delicates’ and thus forgets his place in society. The pleasure of these new found objects shows the material gain from his magic rather than personal enlightenment. Thus this demonstrates that Faustus uses his magical gifts not as a scholar but as a sorcerer for his own pleasure and happiness. In addition, Faustus wishes to be pleasured sexually exploring the woman for new treasures. This is evident in Faustus’s conversation with Valdes in Act one Scene one. However, once again Faustus wishes are not fulfilled and his dreams are only lived in words. It is once again apparent that Faustus does not use his magical gifts at all. The magical gifts allow Faustus direct power in order to conquer the world; â€Å"And reign sole king of all our provinces. † He is obsessed with the idea of reigning supreme and become omnipotent just like God. Faustus has no intention to use his magical gifts for good omitting to mention any wish of helping the poor and poverty stricken people in Germany. His only aim is to become a ‘mighty God. ‘ This ultimate power means that there is a clear distinction between Faustus and the rest of the characters in the play; a divide between mortal and god. Thus Faustus’s power enables him to obtain considerable fame for his astonishing magic. He wishes to â€Å"be eterniz’d for some wondrous cure† demonstrating his desire to be remembered forever. His magical gifts do not allow Faustus to become immortal and it is only in literature that he becomes immortalised. One final aspect that Faustus wishes to achieve with the magical gifts is wealth. He could be a physician and â€Å"heap up gold,† or â€Å"ransack the ocean for orient pearl. † Wealth is another way in which Faustus could gain power. Faustus’s obsession with wealth also illustrates his materialistic attitude. Knowledge in Faustus’s eyes is only another form of wealth like money. He takes no pleasure in making himself a better person. Once again by the end of the play Faustus has not achieved wealth and this is another example of how he has in fact not used his magical gifts. Throughout the play it is evident that Faustus wishes to use the magical gifts to gain power, knowledge, wealth and immortality. He aims to be a creature that is omnipresent, omniscient and omnipotent and thus his desire is to be god. He becomes obsessed with using his magical gifts to achieve this and continually speaks about all his ideas. However, his dreams never become a reality as he never attempts to actually pursue his desires and use the magical gifts. Instead Faustus uses his magical gifts merely as a comedic tool therefore demonstrating the weakness of his character.

Bean Trees and Brave New World

Brave New World vs. The Bean Trees The novels Brave New World and The Bean Trees both show suffering and people trying to pursue their own happiness. In Brave New World, John suffers through his unhappiness. In The Bean Trees, Taylor Greer goes through the same situation. They both go through the process of suffering to reach the same goal, which is to find happiness. In Brave New World, John becomes out casted by both the New Mexico Savage Reservation and the World State. With living in the World State and their version of â€Å"happiness†, John begs for the right to feel emotion. He sees the World State as giving off artificial happiness, but he wants true happiness and true emotion. He pleads, â€Å"I don’t want comfort, I want God, I want poetry, I want real danger, I want freedom, I want goodness. I want sin. † He takes his values from the works of Shakespeare which helps him to voice his own emotions and reactions, it gives him a framework from which to comment on World State values, and it gives him the language that helps him hold his own in confrontation. Shakespeare shows all the values that the World State does not have. From reading the works, John wants to reject the shallow â€Å"happiness† of the World State, he becomes unable to control his temptations for Lenina, and ultimately he commits suicide. John taking part in the final orgy and later committing suicide can become viewed as the product of an insanity made by the conflict between his values and the reality of the World State. John never reached his goal due to him committing suicide. In The Bean Trees, Taylor Greer leaves her home in Kentucky to make a new life for herself. Along the way, a woman gives Taylor a child which she names Turtle. At first, caring for Turtle does not come easily to her, but over time she grows to love Turtle as her own. Taylor becomes forced to mature quickly which brings on another struggle for her. High School has only been behind her for a few years and she already has to take on the responsibility of providing for a child. She also needs to raise money on her own, not only for herself but also for Turtle. Finding a place to live became her responsibility, too. Estevan and Esperanza’s struggles with aving to give up their child and the trauma of Turtle getting attacked one day, forces Taylor to struggle through depression. The police investigation on the attack shows that Taylor is not the legal guardian of Turtle which brings up another struggle for her until Taylor comes up with a plan to adopt her. In the end, Taylor’s plan works, Taylor and Turtle now have a home in Tucson, and Esperanza and Estevan safely live at their new home in Oklahoma. Taylor struggled through life’s challenges but by the end of the novel she finds a new meaning for â€Å"family† and becomes appreciative of the miracles given to her each day. The struggles of the human condition become resolved for the current time in the lives that Taylor has touched. Ultimately, Taylor did reach her goal of happiness because she found family in the people around her and a new life in Tucson. Both of the characters went through much suffering on their pursuit of happiness. They handled their suffering in different ways though. John rebelled against the World State to gain his happiness whereas Taylor took what came to her and found her happiness with what she was given.

An Introduction to Native American Literature

American literatures embrace the memories of creation stories, the tragic wisdom of native ceremonies, trickster narratives, and the outcome of chance and other occurrences in the most diverse cultures in the world. These distinctive literatures, eminent in both oral performances and in the imagination of written narratives, cannot be discovered in reductive social science translations or altogether understood in the historical constructions of culture in one common name. Vizenor 1) Since the end of the 15th century, the migration of Europeans to America, and their importation of Africans as slaves, has led to centuries of conflict and adjustment between Old and New World societies. Europeans created most of the early written historical record about Native Americans after the colonists immigration to the Americas. 3 Many Native cultures were matrilineal; the people occupied lands for use of the entire community, for hunting or agriculture. Europeans at that time had patriarchal cultures and had developed concepts of individual property rights with respect to land that were extremely different. The differences in cultures between the established Native Americans and immigrant Europeans, as well as shifting alliances among different nations of each culture through the centuries, caused extensive political tension, ethnic violence and social disruption. The Native Americans suffered high fatalities from the contact with infectious Eurasian diseases, to which they had no acquired immunity. Epidemics after European contact caused the greatest loss of life for indigenous populations. In 1830, the U. S. Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, authorizing the government to relocate Native Americans from their homelands within established states to lands west of the Mississippi River, accommodating European-American expansion. Perhaps the most important moment of governmental detribalization came with the passing of the Dawes Act in 1887 which set aside 160 acres for each Indian on the reservation, and opened the â€Å"leftovers† up for settlement. According to the U. S. Bureau of the Census (1894), the Indian wars under the government of the United States have been more than 40 in number. They have cost the lives of about 19,000 white men, women and children, including those killed in individual combats, and the lives of about 30,000 Indians. Native Americans were thus pushed out from their own lands and were forced to live in small reservations assigned by the federal government who claimed that setting the Indians on the course to civilisation best ensured their survival. Tribal customs were then forcibly altered and nomadic tribes became sedentary. All Native Americans felt the impact of the new reservation policies, which sought to isolate and contain Indians to make room for an expanding American nation. At the same time that Native Americans were being excluded from the nation, white Americans began to look to them as the source of a unique national identity and literature, distinct from European traditions. Literature from the period depicting Indian characters was incredibly popular, and many works are still celebrated as classics, including James Fenimore Coopers The Last of the Mohicans (1826), Catharine Maria Sedgwicks Hope Leslie (1827), and Henry Wadsworth Longfellows Song of Hiawatha (1855), to name only a few. These texts employ the trope of the disappearing Indian, which represents the deaths of Indians as natural, similar to the changing of the seasons or the setting of the sun, rather than the result of political exclusion or social discrimination. Thus the disappearance of Indians from the American social landscape was not only depicted within this body of writing but also implicitly approved of. At the same time the government sponsored authors and art programs; the proletarian themes of discovery, regionalism, and tourism were new forms of dominance over Native Americans. Therefore, early Native American authors wrote within a hostile political climate and in response to a dominant literary tradition that sentimentalized and condoned the death of Indians. But they found the means to engage with their detractors by authoring their own accounts of Indians that challenged stereotypical beliefs, demanded equal political rights, and proved that Indians were neither disappearing nor silent. Native American authors have faithfully presented some of these issues of inherent native rights, the duplicities of federal policies, and the burdens of racial identities in their short stories and novels. Wynema by Sophia Alice Callahan published in 1891, was the first novel attributed to a Native American author. Callahan, who was a mixedblood Creek, was aware of tribal issues at the time and therefore devoted most of her novel to native issues. Since then many novels by distinguished Native American authors have been published. One of the most important writers among Native Americans in the 1930’s was D’Arcy McNickle, a member of the Flathead tribe of Montana. His first novel The Surrounded was published in 1936, two years after the Indian Reorganization Act was passed near the end of the Depression in the United States. His novel is the poignant story of a mix-breed family and the tragedy of their exclusion from both the red and the white worlds. Because of cultural misunderstandings, which begin between the Indian mother and Spanish father, suspicion, fear, and finally death take their children. The novel is a history of alienation. Kenneth Lincoln who coined the term Native American Rennaissance pointed out that in the late-1960s and early-1970s, a generation of Native Americans were coming of age who were the first of their tribe to receive a substantial English-language education, particularly outside of standard Indian boarding schools and in universities. Conditions for Native people, while still very harsh, had moved beyond the survival conditions of the early half of the century. The beginnings of a project of historical revisionism, which attempted to document—from a Native perspective—the history of the invasion and colonization of the North American continent had inspired a great deal of public interest in Native cultures. During this time of change, a group of Native writers emerged, both poets and novelists, who in only a few years expanded the Native American literary canon.

HP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HP - Essay Example tt-Packard is very much focused on improving the following: (1) customer loyalty; (2) profit; (3) market leadership; (4) growth; (5) employee commitment; (6) leadership capability; and (7) global citizenship. (HP, 2008h) Hewlett-Packard offers a wide-range of products and services related to digital photography and entertainment as well as computer related products such as PC, laptops, and printers for personal and business use aside from large IT storage, servers, and software. (HP, 2008a) Back in 2005, Mark Hurd was appointed as the Chairman, President, and CEO of Hewlett-Packard. (HP, 2008c) As the VP of HP’s Personal Systems Group, Todd Bradley manages the business related to personal computers, mobile devices, technical workstations, digital television, personal storage solution and internet services. (HP, 2008e) EVP of Technology Solutions Group, Ann Livermore handles business related to storage and services, software and services (HP, 2008f) whereas EVP and Chief Information Officer, Randall Mott manages the global IT strategy and the company’s IT assets. (HP, 2008g) Aside from the headquarters located at Palo Alto, California; HP has several offices throughout the U.S., Canada, and Latin America (Americas); Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA), and the Asia Pacific. (HP, 2008j) (See Table I – Complete List of Offices Around the World on page 5) Operating in more than 170 countries in the world market (Hewlett-Packard , 2008a), Hewlett-Packard has captured a market share of 42%, 41%, and 17% in U.S., Canada, and Latin America (Americas); Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA), and the Asia Pacific respectively (HP, 2008b). Pettey, C. (2008, January 16). Gartner. Retrieved July 22, 2008, from Gartner Says Worldwide PC Market Grew 13 Percent in 2007: Hewlett-Packard Widens Its Position as Leading Vendor of Worldwide PC Shipments :

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Human Growth and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Human Growth and Development - Essay Example Being a believer of religion, spirituality and spiritual development has been part of my life. Erikson’s nine stages psychosocial development theory is very important for understanding the process of human growth and development. This theory is based on nine stages and each stage has its own socio psychological dimension and aspects (Beyers and Seiffge-Krenke, 2010). In addition, each stage has its own typical developmental characteristics which subsequently determine the personality traits and characteristics in the upcoming developmental phases of human life. For example, first stage, which starts from birth to 1 year, is known as trust vs. mistrust, highlights the psychological process of identification in which new born child determines between trust or mistrust on others. The second stage, from 2 to 3, has been identified as autonomy vs. shame and doubt and the main features of this stage include increased physical activity along with decisional authority to determine whether to assert will on others. Kroger (2007) mentions that Erikson supports the concept of hie rarchical integration in which a strong sense of identity is identified as the central to entire theme of theory. The third stage, known as initiative vs. guilt, between 4 to 5, is more relevant and child is more curious and tries to mould things and objects. In the fourth stage, which is industry vs. inferiority, between 6 to puberty, experience the rise of curiosity about things in which more inquisitive behavior and thinking develop till the age of puberty. In the fifth stage, identity vs. identity confusion, which occurs in the period of adolescence, is mainly confronted with the fundamental question of personal identity (who am I?). In this regard, Beyers and Goossens (2008) contend that some parents may not able to provide a required level of support to their children for exploring the identity issues. In the sixth stage, known as intimacy vs. isolation, which

Children's Rights Child safety Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Children's Rights Child safety - Term Paper Example Their processes of identity development are influenced by totally different stimulus which affects their outlook in life. The challenging area regarding addressing child abuse, gender, ethnicity and disability is confronting the basic belief or attitude that the problems on foster care placement for children can be changed. If even one is reluctant to accept the idea that there are measures to be undertaken to address these issues, then, however plausible the courses of action are, these would prove to be futile. The objective of the essay is to synthesize crucial aspects of foster care, the adoption of children from the Public Child Welfare System, and the perspectives of risk and protecting children from diverse factors of harm. Initially, the discourse would identify factors which lead children to require the services of foster care, including a short discussion of risk and the consequences of adoption under the welfare system. Recommendations and concluding remarks would integrate and summarize the points discussed. Kris Johnson, a Foster Care Manager of the Minnesota Department of Human Services clearly defined foster care as â€Å"24-hour substitute care for children placed away from their parents or guardians and for whom the State agency has placement and care responsibility. This includes, but is not limited to, placements in foster family homes, foster homes of relatives, group homes, emergency shelters, residential facilities, child care institutions, and preadoptive homes† (Johnson, 2004, 1). There are diverse reasons why children are placed under foster care. As averred by Christina A (2010), the reasons why children are placed in foster care could be categorized into three, to wit: â€Å"societal and systemic factors, parent challenges, and factors directly relating to the child† (par. 1). As the term implies, social and systemic factors are external factors in a child’s environment

A World of Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

A World of Art - Essay Example The other the triangle between Mary and Jesus represents the cup of the last grail. Look out the windows, one can see the country side which is not congruent with the subject matter. He uses the technique of Chiaroscuro. It is dark in the room and bright outside. It is interesting to note that he used the same country side in his Mona Lisa painting which he completed in 1503. The colors used are green and orange(brown). There is symmetry with the large rolls on the table. Important paintings Perspectival study of the Adoration of the Magi: (Art Authority) Pen and ink, traces of silver point and white on paper. Fascinating to see his study in perspective of texture, the use of Chiaroscuro, the use of sienna to show white, the three dimensional by the fact that we can see the thickness of the stairs and the pillars. the lines showing how everything is done in perfect mathematical dimensions then The Adoration of the Magi: (Art Authority) oil on panel. The oil thing which remains from t he perspective is the stairs and the pillars but they are quite distant. It was as though he used the study to do several painting. The texture is very primitive for a Leonardo da Vinci. The trees are two dimensional and Mary is in one color. Perhaps it is a question of aging. The people are half real. Titian, The Assumption of the Virgin: Oil on wood. A perfect study in vertical perception there is an incredible sense of movement, towards the heavens. In analyzing the lines, there are the two triangles with two parallel lines. The texture of the fluffiness of the clouds but also the heaviness the angles have of carrying Mary Profane Love: a perfect contract between the Assumption and this perfect technique of Chiaroscuro. There is the light shining on her face and her hand. She is also looking at someone but we do not see him either. There is also the mirror which shows you something that the person in the painting doesn't see. This is a technique which began with Leonardo da Vinci . The texture of her clothes is magnificence Van Gogh, Starry Night : oil on canvas. It is not polychromatic though he does use a great deal of blue. He avoided using red. He uses hatching in the modern sense of the word. His brush makes short rapid strokes of the same color. The texture has very little dimension to it other than a little bit of the town. I would not call it two dimensional. Road with Pollarded Willows and A Man with a Broom (Art Authority) is from carbon, ink, and watercolor on paper. His texture is three dimensional. You can see the end of the road but you see the beginning of the impressionist school as the road slightly bends to the right. As he advanced in his training, he mixed different techniques each time of pencil and ink, or pencil, ink and water color to cite an example. He showed his being influenced from different schools. He painted 37 self portraits. It is documents that none of them look directly at the viewer but the Self Portrait 1887 looks straig ht on. His self portrait in the straw hat looks like a modern version of hatching. Jasper Johns, Numbers in Color: uses the technique of pattern and polychromatic. He called his paintings of clusters "crosshatchings (Johns) Grey numbers (Art Authority) is the same technique of patter without color Andrea Mantegna, The Lamentation over The Dead Christ 1494: tempera on canvas. The texture is three dimensional. He uses lines in one angle to gain depth to take away from the size of his feet. There is

Social Issue Essay Example for Free

Social Issue Essay â€Å"We must learn to live together as brothers or perish together as fools. † As Martin Luther King Jr. once said, the world must go far beyond than our differences and we must love each other for what we are. And Afghanistan religion is not an exception. Amir is the son of Baba, a wealthy businessman and a Pashtun Muslim, he also goes to school, owns books and wears fancy outfits. Hassan, on the other side of the coin, is the son of Ali, a member of the Hazaras and Amir’s personal servant. He does not attend school and is analphabetic and wears pitiable clothes. And despite the fact they live in the same property, Amir’s dwelling is the most beautiful and opulent house in town, meanwhile the servant child lives in a humble cabin down by their garden. The Kite Runner clearly exposes the social inequality of Amir and Hassan upon the different lifestyles of the characters, the education they are given and of course the discrimination upon the ethnic groups they each belong to. The three main points already mentioned, clearly exemplify the immense social gap inside the Afghanistan culture. To begin with, the ethnic conflict and the discrimination issue in Afghanistan have been around from years in such culture. The Hazaras on one side, are the minority group among the society, they belong to the peasant class and throughout centuries, they have been persecuted and exterminated by the members of the nation’s ruling class: The Pashtuns. â€Å"Afghanistan is the land of Pashtuns. It always has been, always will be. We are the true Afghans, the pure Afghans† (Hosseini, K. (The Kite Runner), 2003 p. 22). Nevertheless, Amir and his father Baba are members of this religious sector; in fact, they are one of the wealthiest families in North Kabul. Hassan and Ali, on the other side, were part of the Hazaras and due to their Mongol features and cultural status, they constantly tend to receive social and physical discrimination. And although these two Islamic branches tend to live together assorted inside the same land, their social disparities are enormous. And which better example to portrayed this idea, than Hassan and Amir themselves. They both live in the same location and nearly eat the same food, but the society’s views about them are completely dissimilar. The Pashtun boy is seen as a fruitful and pure soul; however, Hassan is perceived as a filthy and foolish fellow with no certain future. Second of all, the education received by Amir is completely unlike the one given to Hassan. This Pashtun lad attends an upright school in Kabul, where he is taught how to write and read. At home, he frequently enjoys reading several sorts of tales and even writes his own short stories. Hassan’s education, however, was exactly the opposite: he doesnt know how to write or to read. He works most part of the day and attends no school at all. The only kind of â€Å"education† this poor Hazara child will ever obtain, is the one given by Amir from time to time, when he teaches him the definition of a few words from the books he reads to him. Just for the fact he belongs to a social minority, Hassan will never in his life do anything but to cook or clean before others. And no matter how hard he struggles, he will never be given the chance to attend any school, will never be given the chance to read and will never be given the chance to write. â€Å"After all, what use did a servant have for the written words? † (Hosseini, K. (The Kite Runner), 2003 p. 37). Pursuing this further, the Afghans kids’ lifestyles are completely unlike. When both lads get up in the morning they follow a very similar routine, however lived from utterly different perspectives. When Amir wakes up in the morning, he comfortably eats his breakfast. When Hassan wakes up, he prepares Amir’s breakfast. While Hassan makes his bed, polish his school shoes and ironed his uniform, Amir complains about homework and how tough is school. â€Å"When the sun dropped low behind the hills and we were done playing for the day, Hassan and I parted ways. I went past the rosebushes to Baba’s mansion and Hassan to the mud shack where he had been born, where he’d lived his entire life. † (Hosseini, K. (The Kite Runner), 2003 p. 24). This is one of the greatest example of the social disparity in Afghanistan, where the younger generation’s future is strictly related to the their religious group. Amir, for instance will have a successful life, crowded of opportunities and joyful moments, meanwhile Hassan will grow old enough to become dust in the wind. However, Amir and Hassan both grew under the same roof and spent the first twelve years of their lives playing together. They learned how to crawl together, they even taught each other how to ride a bicycle with no hands. They spent entire winters flying kites, running kites, watching westerns at the cinema and chasing each other between tangles of trees in Baba’s house. Never mind any of those things. Because history isn’t easy to overcome. Neither is religion. In the end, Amir was a Pashtun and Hassan was a Hazara, he was rich and he was poor, and nothing was ever going to change that. Nothing. Given these points, we can conclude the differences upon Amir’s and Hassan’s education, their unlike lifestyle and the discrimination throughout The Kite Runner’s main characters are undoubtedly originated upon their ethnical position. Just for the fact Hassan is not a Pashtun Muslim, just for the fact he belongs to social minority, just for the fact he is different, he is destined to live this rotten life eternally. However, Amir will be given the chance to live his own life. He will study hard and become one of the many wealthy men in Kabul. He will drive his opulent family in an opulent car to his opulent house, where Hassan and his child will be waiting for them inside their mud shack. The same mud shack where they have live their entire miserable life. It is incredible how the religious distinctions between them, greatly affect their existence. But it is a fact. The Pashtuns and the Hazaras discrimination in Afghanistan is happening. And no matter how hard they struggle, Amir and Hassan can not escape from this reality where each of these two innocent boys stands as an example of the social inequality in Afghanistan. Reference List: -Hosseini, K. (2003). The Kite Runner. New York: Riverhead.

Swiss neutrality after the cold war Essay Example for Free

Swiss neutrality after the cold war Essay The creation of the range and confines of Swiss neutrality at the point in time of its beginning and progress differed noticeably from that of these days; it may be portrayed as looser, broader and vaguer. The bipolar power-and-pact arrangement fell apart with the conclusion of the Cold War. Ever since, the global arena has seemed further complex and erratic. â€Å"Even if the balance of terror was anything other than a peaceful state, the international situation was more easily assessed then than it is today. †(Goetschel, 2005) Subsequent to the Second World War and throughout the Cold War, the Swiss government decision-makers superior the significance of impartiality at home and connected it to sovereignty. The wide-ranging population accepted this, credit in part to the combined experience of being spared the destruction of the Second World War. A neutral stance, connected with noticeable anti-communism, was seen as a method to defend in opposition to reputed threats to autonomy – be it from the Russians or from organizations with international prominence. Dissimilar to multi-polarity, bipolarity was more straightforward, and the superior meditation of power condensed susceptibility. Subsequent to the Cold War, neo-realists predicted military conflict to shatter the European continent once again. This was due to the fact that wars in Europe were actually potential threat once more, established in geographically restricted regions because of the fall of the accord system. However, these are clashes within states, not warfare between them. The modification in international relations at the conclusion of the Cold War lead to a continuing sharp rise in value for foreign policy carried out multilaterally, as different to customary mutual relations. Both the investigation for new international ideologies of organization and the opinionated management of globalization command a collective political approach; more and more, this is taking place. This is relevant to an even higher level to Europe, where the political society of EU countries carries on developing and integrating. Nation-states stay the most significant actors, but the surroundings in which they pursue and put into effect their interests has changed. During the Cold War, foreign policy and foreign trade policy were more or less identical in Switzerland, since it deliberately endorsed apolitical monetary foreign relations, in maintenance of traditional explanations of Swiss impartiality. Since then, Switzerlands foreign trade guiding principle has assisted it realize notable financially viable incorporation in the world, in spite of its small-state identity (the recurrent justification for unreceptive policy in further areas of foreign associations). Switzerlands participation in NATOs Partnership for Peace (Web 1) is a glaring example. Hastening transformation in the worldwide arena since the closing stages of the Cold War has impacted Swiss foreign policy in two ways: mutual action has developed as being more important, and the overlap of domestic and foreign policy has increased. This paper’s conclusions focus on these two points, which have originated a rise in the contradictory goals and confront that shape rational foreign policy. Global conditions influence independence, power and national interests. States, doesn’t matter if they are large or small, can ever expect to have absolute autonomy. At present independence tends to play a superior role in discussions than territorial barriers do. This calls for a combined political approach, particularly when probing for new principles of intercontinental order and dealing politically with globalization. Resources Goetschel, Laurent. 2005. Swiss Foreign Policy. Publisher: Rout ledge. Web 1- http://www. eda. admin. ch/etc/medialib/downloads/edazen/doc/publi. Par. 0012. File. tmp/Swiss%20Neutrality%20in%20Practice%20-%20Current%20Aspects. pdf

The Metamorphosis Symbolism

The Metamorphosis Symbolism The opening line of the story is shocking and bizarre. One morning, upon awakening from agitated dreams, Gregor Samsa found himself, in his bed, transformed into a monstrous vermin. In other words, Gregor is transformed overnight from a human being into a bug. Although it is unclear whether this metamorphosis is literal or figurative, this transformation is undoubtedly the focus of the entire story. Gregors lack of anxiety or panic upon recognizing his dreadful predicament is noteworthy. His conclusion that taking a later train to work will solve his problem is amusing. Taken literally, becoming an insect is reason to panic. His reaction suggests that the metamorphosis was subconscious; he did not literally change into a bug but rather gradually realized his status and felt like a bug. Eventually, however, Gregor realizes that he is just being used by his family. After this reality sinks in, symbolized by his agitated dreams, Gregory actually feels like a bug. He recognizes his isolation and alienation from society. The grand metamorphosis takes place, and eventually Gregor experiences a complete role reversal. He tries to catch the next train to work and to continue as he had before his realization. However, Gregor is so distraught that he cannot bring himself to get out of bed. Subconsciously he can no longer tolerate his familys treatment of him. However, it is only after his oversleeping that Gregor can begin to acknowledge his wasteful existence. Gregors oversleeping through agitated dreams represents his resentment of his pathetic situation. Before his transformation he would quickly jump out of bed to continue his miserable life without considering an alternative lifestyle. In his sleep however he is afforded the opportunity to momentarily escape life to contemplate his inner turmoil. The agitated dreams represent his pitiable existence; the oversleeping serves as the initial stage of Gregor recognizing this existence. Gregor is not the only character in this story that experiences a transformation. His parents and his sister are forced to change as well in order to adapt to their new circumstances. Upon realizing Gregors metamorphosis, his family leaves him in his room and isolates him, just as they had done in the past. His mother cant stand the sight of him, and they separate further. Gregors father is forced to return to work and thereby assumes the role of supporting the family. As long as Gregor was working, his father was unwilling to pursue a career; rather, he was content to let Gregor support the family all by himself. Thus, Gregors working allows Mr. Samsa to sit home all day doing nothing. It is only through Gregors inability to work that his father is forced to assume the role of supporting the family. Consequently, Gregors sickness and death facilitates his fathers career development. In his sickness, even his father cannot stand the sight of him and in disgust fatally wounds Gregor by throwing an apple at him. Kafka uses the apple to make a biblical allusion to symbolize the apple from the tree of knowledge. The apple represents Gregors awareness of his pitiful existence. His father throws the apple at him to show that Gregor is being rejected by his family. This new reality of alienation and isolation drives him to his ultimately fatal mental state. His fathers unhealthy dependence on his son leads Gregor to feel estranged. This alienation causes Gregor to manifest his feelings of worthlessness and isolation in a way that would affect his body. This mental breakdown eventually drives Gregor mad leading to his untimely death. Unlike Mr. Samsa, Gregorys sister cares for him and attempts to nurse him back to health by providing him with food and encouragement. However, even she is unable to put up with him after a while. She comments that the bug cannot possibly be Gregor as if it were he would have realized long ago that human beings cannot possibly live with such an animal and he would have left of his own accord. At that point, being completely stripped of his humanity and being, completely rejected by his family, Gregors transformation to a bug is complete. Ironically, Gregors miserable life of serving his family is better than the alternative. Once he can no longer provide for his family, life was not worth living. After Gregor is dead, the Samsas are relieved, and they make plans for their daughter to get married. As long as Gregor was alive, his family is unable to proceed through life and move on. Rather, they depended on Gregor for everything and made no effort to be productive. Their troubled relationship with Gregor was thereby harmful to the entire family. The numerous transformations in The Metamorphosis emphasize the importance of maintaining healthy relationships. The dysfunctional Samsa household relies on their son Gregory to support the entire family. This ridiculous role reversal not only causes Gregor to have a mental breakdown, but also prevents the rest of his family from pursuing their own careers. Only after Gregorys death is his family able to move on with life. Kafka uses the transformations in The Metamorphosis to reinforce the importance of maintaining healthy relationships. When people get caught in abusive relationships, their entire families fall apart. The important lessons that Kafka teaches in The Metamorphosis continue to have relevance today.

Make Love, Not War Essay -- Social Studies

Life on Earth constantly swings between peace and war, even though human kind is famishing for happiness. Bliss does not derive from war and violence, why then humanity cannot live without the burden of wars? We are likely pursuing the culture of death. Maybe violence is inscribed into our DNA, our ancestral reptile brain, somehow, is dominating over our intellectual reasoning and emotional intelligence, the same brain that helped us to survive in hostile environments of a primitive world. How could man make this world a better place? Could love change this status quo? Leslie Marmon Silko writes in Ceremony: â€Å"Tonight the singing had come first, squeaking out of the iron bed, a man singing in Spanish, the melody of a familiar love song, two words again and again, â€Å"Y volverà ©.† Sometimes the Japanese voices came first, angry and loud, pushing the song far away, and then he could hear the shift in his dreaming, like a slight afternoon wind changing its direction, coming less and less from the south, moving into the west, and the voices would become Laguna voices,† (6) Y volvere, in Spanish means returning, coming back, these words belong to a â€Å"familiar love song† (6) and they can evoke nostalgic feelings in the heart of a soldier in war. A Love song, how can love feelings survive in a war situation, where a soldier in battle likely does not have the right to be compassionate and human? The angry enemy voices are "pushing away the song" (6). Hate and violence are wiping away love; probably there is no space for love in war."And the voices would become Laguna voices" another place, another situation but the same struggling story. Human beings denied of their freedom, dignity, history, traditions, and storytelling.... ...iolenza† (Dottrina della resistenza passiva). Periodi storici e tematici Storia in network â€Å"Cronologia† Copyright One Italia 2010. Web. 06 of April, 2012 http://cronologia.leonardo.it/storia/biografie/gandhi2.htm Leslie Marmon Silko, Ceremony, Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York. Pag. 6. Print Mario Rigoni Stern. Il Sergente nella neve-ritorno sul Don. â€Å"In Guerra, quando sembra che tutto debba crollare e morirre, un gesto, una parola, un fatto e’ sufficiente a ridare speranza e vita.† (Einaudi tascabili di Mario Rigoni Stern. 1 gennaio 1969. Pag.51. Print Mark D. Tooley is president of the Institute on Religion and Democracy and author of Taking Back the United Methodist Church. Viewpoints on war and pacifism. Web. 06 April 2012 http://0-ic.galegroup.com.library.lanecc.edu/ic/ovic/?userGroupName=laneccoll&

The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Essay examples -- Threats to World Pea

The region of the Middle East frequently referred to as Palestine has long been the site of much conflict. In recent years, a major effort on the part of the International community has been employed in an attempt to bring peace to the troubled region, yet every time peace accords seem to be at hand, everything falls apart. In order to fully understand the enmity that keeps causing peace talks to break down, one must look at the roots from which the conflict stems. If the root of the issue can be clearly devised, then movements towards peace in the region will be much more succinct. Palestinian Development Under Turkish Rule Issues concerning Palestine’s development in socio-cultural and religious terms begin to become apparent to the modern world once the Turkish Empire moved into the region. The Seljuk Turks, a Muslim group, took control of Jerusalem in 1071. Their rule was characterized by struggles with the Christian crusaders of Europe. Seeking to better their own position, another group of Turks, the Fatimids (from Egypt) allied themselves with the crusaders, but were later betrayed. The betrayal led to the capture of Jerusalem and Jaffa in 1099 along with the slaughter of many Jewish and Muslim defenders at the hands of the Christian Crusaders. The Muslim leader, Saladin, attacked and gained control of Jerusalem finally evicting the Crusaders in 1291. His particular Muslim group was known as the Mamelukes, who were originally â€Å"soldier-slaves of the Arabs.† While their empire was far reaching, including Palestine, it was comprised primarily of Arab-speaking Muslims, althou gh Jews from Spain and the surrounding Mediterranean area began to settle in and around Jerusalem in the late 1300s. With the defeat... ...4). â€Å"What is the evidence that the United Nations is biased against Israel?†. http://palestinefacts.org/pf_faq_palestine_un_anti_israel_bias.php Palestine Facts. (2004). â€Å"What is the history and status of US support of Israel?†. http://palestinefacts.org/pf_ 1991to_now_israel_us_support.php â€Å"Palestine, region, Asia†. The Columbia Encyclopedia. 6th Ed. http://www.bartleby.com/65/pa/Palestin.html â€Å"Passfield White Paper†. http://palestinefacts.org/pf_mandate_whitepaper_1930.php Pipes, Daniel. (2001) â€Å"The Muslim Claim to Jerusalem†. The Middle East Quarterly.Vol 8:4. http://www.meforum.org/article/490 United Nations. â€Å"The Plan Of Partition And End Of The British Mandate†. The Question of Palestine and the United Nations†. http://www.un.org/Depts/dpi/palestine/ch2.pdf United Nations. â€Å"Question of Palestine†. http://www.un.org/Depts/dpa/ngo/history.html

Microbiology Essay -- Cryptobiosis, NASA

The study of microbiology is an intense endeavor, requiring students to have a great deal of focus, and sometimes a bit of imagination. When observing things under a microscope, they often look entirely different than what is seen with the naked eye. This is fascinating, yet frustrating, as trying to make associations to one's inherent knowledge becomes challenging. Hypsibius dujardini is a microscopic animal from the phylum Tardigrada that is commonly called a water bear (Mach, 2011). When viewed microscopically, this eight-legged, water dwelling animal appears to be walking slowly, like a bear that we are familiar with on a macroscopic level (Piper, 2007). Despite their cute and cuddly name, water bears, like Hypsibius dujardini are true extremophiles, surviving in some of the harshest conditions that exist (Mobjerg, et al., 2011). From temperatures near absolute zero to the vacuum of space, these astounding microorganisms are almost invincible (Mach, 2011). The state which allows a tardigrade to withstand extreme conditions is termed cryptobiosis (Gabriel, et al., 2007). When the outside environment is unfavorable, the tardigrade willingly submits to this inactive metabolic form, and is termed a â€Å"tun (Mobjerg et al., 2011).† There are five types of cryptobiosis, all of which are in response to a particular environmental inadequacy (Wharton, 2002). Anhydrobiosis takes place when there is a lack of water, Anoxybiosis occurs when there is limited oxygen, Chemobiosis is the response to excessive environmental toxins, Cryobiosis is a result of decreased temperature, and lastly, Osmobiosis happens when an increased solute concentration occurs in the organisms environment (Wharton, 2002). Although many organisms can enter a sing... ... storage, without destruction, at a low temperature, which allows future observation. The Goldstein Lab at UNC Chapel Hill has certainly proven that Hypsibius dujardini is a useful laboratory species. Although reference to tardigrades root back to Anton van Leeuwenhok, a father of microbiological studies, there is a powerful modern-day following that continues to exist today (Mach, 2011). Microbiologists around the world have grown fond of the water bear and it's amazing survival skills. Beyond that, the appearance of the microorganism captivates people's hearts. I believe that with further research by NASA and other institutions, like The Goldstein Lab, Hypsibius dujardini can make a lasting impact on our society. Whether that be by proving evolution, or providing tools for human preservation, we can certainly utilize these great microorganisms to our advantage.

How Did the Australian Government Respond to the Threat of Communism After WWII?

Australia faced the threat of communism after WWII ended in 1945. The threat was known as the Red Menace which was caused by all the conflicts in Asia and also things that were going on in Australia at the time. The Australian government responded to the Red Menace in many ways. They took military action, made alliances, gave economoc aid and tried banning the Communist Party in Australia. Communism is a social organisation where everyone in the country/community all have common property and money is shared equally. Australia didn't see communism as a threat until China was taken into control and turned into a communist country. Australia then began to fear that it would only be a matter of time ‘before the reds were on our doorsteps. ‘ Australia responded to the threat of communism in Asia by joining the Korean War in 1950. We joined it because we had a belief that it would be better to fight communism overseas rather than wait for it to reach Australia and fight it here. The Korean War was a part of our government's ‘Forward Defense Policy'. Military action was sent to Korea to help our allies to fight communism overseas. Another response to communism in Asia was the ANZUS Treaty which was one of the most important steps that Australia took to protect Australia from the threat of communism. The treaty was an agreement signed by Australia, New Zealand and the United States; it meant that each of the three nations involved would be obliged to help the other if one was attacked. It was an agreement of aid in common defense. The reason why it was signed by Australia was because we believed that a strong ally was needed to keep Australia safe from communism. There was also another agreement that Australia got involved with called the SEATO alliance. The SEATO alliance was signed by Britain, Thailand, Pakistan, the Phillipines, France, New Zealand, Australia and the United States, in 1954. The alliance was started by the United States becasue of the increasing communist activity in South-east Asia from 1945. The Korean War had just ended and communist activity was spreading to France and communist guerillas were currently active in Malaya. This made the United States feel vulnerable, so they proposed an alliance with the East- Asian countries to fight ‘communist aggression'. Australia was very happy to sign this alliance because it confirmes to the Unites States that we had their back and it supported our ‘Forward Defense Policy'. Australia later joined the Vietnam war to support their role of an ally and to maintain a close tie with the United States. In 1962, Prime Minister Robert Menzies began sending 30 Australian military instructors to South Vietnam where Vietcong were trying to overthrow non-communist South Vietnam. The reason why Australia felt that it was vital to help the United States fight in this war was because of the advice we received from Washington telling us that if we help the United States fight North Vietnam, then when Australia need military assisstance, USA would help us. Fear of communism was also another reason which lead to Australia fighting in the Vietnam war. We believed that if one more Asian country fell into communism, other countries as well as Australia would follow. This was called the ‘Domino Theory'. As well as responding to the threat of communism overseas, Australia also took precautions within the country. In 1949, Robert Menzies promised that he would ban the Communist Party Dissolution Bill which outlawed the Communist Party. The Bill was ruled as unconstitutional by the High Court and was narrowly defeated after a referendum was held. Many Australians feared that communism was getting closer and they were quite worried. It was time for an elction and the Labor Party was confident that they were going to win thhe next elecion. Just shortly before the election, there was a huge ‘spy scare'. This was the Petrov affair. It was about Petrov and his wife Evdokia who provided detailed documents about a Soviet Spy Ring operating in Australia. Robert Menzies used this case and used the fear of communism for his own political ends, which made him win the election. This was how the Australian government responded to the threat of communism after WWII ended.

Management of Pt.Asuransi Jiwasraya

INTI College In makesia Organization and concern PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya Jessica Khou, Afifa Jindan, Jocelyn Halim 3/8/2013 Mr. Jonny Wiguna Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 34, Jakarta Pusat 10120, Indonesia 8 swear discover 2013 Dear Mr. Jonny Wiguna, Presented to the commissary of this governing body, this is a eliminaterial spread abroad for the period of 2012-2013. As requested in a dependlying mod durationteed on February 2013, this is a depict of the managerial status of this constitution as observed during the present grade.This draw consists of matters regarding the oversight opening utilise to conduct the personal credit line concern, the surroundings surrounding the brass and subjective the organization itself, defining the social trunk of the organizations employees as hygienic as their take c atomic issuing 18d travails as well as the regulation of activities in the organization. Also discussed in this promulgate argon the centering strategies men struati either applied by the organization and what is observed to be ca implement for the employees in the organization.Following all(a) the observed and draw matter, this field withal includes several suggestions that, as the writer of this report believe, exit be ripe in terminal figures of the optimisation of per representance of human capital and apportioning of resources. ______________________ (Claire Afifa Halim) 8 March 2013 EXECUTIVE come forthline The report exits an analysis of the coun swaping of the PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya. It addresses the issues related to the true guidance trunk and adds an culture of how the ac alliance is in relation to its surroundings.The report to a fault consists of recommendation regarding the betterment of the period instruction remains in adjust for the federation to r each(prenominal) its current goal. abbreviation is completed by observing the activities and contactments of the confederacy in the latest ca tegorys of its tune. To tear place forth the general anxiety form of the bon ton, identification of the guess that most resembles the current management system is conducted. As a give of the observations, it dope be summarized that the confederacy has an overall patronizeing environment for its business.The baffle of management employ closely resembles gunk webers management scheme and therefore the communitys structure and byplays atomic number 18 undefendedly qualifyd and bequeaths the union to be make up in its professionalism. PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya has overly applied pricy motiveal methods that allow it to bring on computable traffichips amidst the employees of the smart stigmatise. However, as observed by the writer of this report, the festering of the comp whatsoever is non at its supreme emf.Several factors that is found to be holding the fraternity back be the lack of progressal grounds, loss of flexibility (initiative) and personal need of the employees refer equal to(p) to the current management system intaked, inability to utilize applied science effectively, terminus ad quem of growth space because of the limitation of orient trade and the fact that the follow has non just responded to one of the major(ip) amends need of Indonesian. recommendations do for the ships society therefrom include 1. To create a syariah ground redress service for the Muslim lawful age of Indonesians 2.Focus more on each person employee to develop the fibre of castforce 3. sub protrude engineering in its effort to marketplace the product 4. Increase the budget allocated for promotion and maturation the frequency of promotion such(prenominal) as by dint of the use of billboard, magazines and online advertisements 5. fix more globalized to reach their long-term organizational goal of being severalised globally TABLE OF CONTENT 0. 1 Introductions. .. 1 0. telephoner Backgrounds.. 2 0. 3 Management The ory 3 0. 4 bon ton Environment 4 0. 5 organizational Structures. 0. 6 Motivation. 0. 7 strategic Management . 8 Conclusion and Recommendation. 0. 9 List of References.. 0. 1 base 1. 1 Authorization This report is made in order to give hike feedback for the fraternity called PT. Asuransi JIwasraya. 1. 2 Limitations Because we dont save a come across to visi t 1. 3 Scope of Report This report will cover several token points, such as management surmisal that been use by PT.Asuransi Jiwasraya, the keep fellowships environment, its as well as show the organization structure inside(a) PT. Asuransi JIwasraya with their argumentation description, and we too going to explain active the motivation inside the club, and the strategic management cultivate that give fork up been use by the companion, we overly included our recommendation to emergence the give-up the ghostingness and competency of beau monde management system. 0. 2 orderS BACKGROUND Pt. Asuransi Jiwa sraya is a life damages lodge that has been accomplished since the year 1859. The motto of the beau monde is promise your life.PT. Asuransi Jiwasrayas vision is to become a trusted and preferred high society to provide a solution for indemnity inescapably and financial planning. (http//www. jiwasraya. co. id/static. php? cat_id=1&id=8&lang=id) It focal pointes on providing life policy for client and help client pip financial plans in uniformity to the developing environment where qualification financial decisions become more challenging. The gild is owned by the governments and is a trus cardinalrthy lodge that has been a preferred insurance policy provider by several tough companies.Although it is already big itself, the ships company faces contest and is arduous to become one of the phoebe bird top insurance company in Indonesia and even tackles competition from the global market. To do this the company focuses on compound the strength and the efficienc y of the march by improving the persona of blendforce, technology and by trying to reach segments that abide non yet been reached previously. New products argon al styluss essential in order to get wind the changing call for of customers. PT.Asuransi Jiwasraya develops its professionalism in the business and has currently won several allots including a Superbrand award for the category of Consumers Favorite Brand. Other than that it has to a fault won a World pay Award for the second time in the year of 2011. In all its business efforts, the organization builds trustworthy transactionhip with some(prenominal) the employees and the society in general through social activities. The companys subdisiaries include PT. Stannia Binekajasa and Koperasi Karyawan Jiwasraya. 0. 3 attention THEORYThe management possible action that rescue been used by PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya, as observed, earth-closet be identified as guck Webers opening of management. The management theory of Max Weber is made in the early year of 1900, this management theory be ground on the theory of authority structures and relations is found on an ideal pillow slip of organization Weber called a ( bureaucracy). The bureaucracy that Weber go for make should substantiate a segment of poke, authority hierarchy, imposing selection, testis rules and regulations, impersonality, and public life orientation. The goal of weber fashioning his scientific management theory is to make the break away activities sess be done in the large ag sort. PT. Asuransi jiwasraya is a quite large group. Thus, it uses Weber management theory because allows this company rails their business more effectively and more efficaciously. PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya suffice workers to work according to the cognitive process that the company has made, as evidently shown in the clear roles of several de departmentment that are specify in its website. The company has made a structure of work for singul ar departments so as to append efficacy and efficiency and reduce redundant effort on issues.Each worker sewer focus on the task assigned specially to them, so that the workers raise work well to carry extinct the customers of necessity and wants. PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya fuel be verbalise to take aim a particle of labor as tasks are spread out among the workers. PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya to a fault take away a testis selection in selecting the great unwashed to work in their company, they selected the heap based on their technical qualifications. This is because PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya want their workers to be professionals in their scope of work and accommodate the right and competence in all the work curiously in the field of insurance and financial planning.PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya excessively obligate formal rules and regulation, they ready the standard operating procedure that is clear to all the unit of work, all the workers withal have to provisions a minimum lev el of health of the company (RBC), and all the workers have to listen to the customers, identify, meet and even exceed the customers ineluctably as well as anticipating the customers needs in the future. The workers are also expect to rectify according to the customers expectations. PT.Asuransi Jiwasraya also have career orientations where managers are career professionals not owners of units that they manage, sot in this company the managers make sure that the workers work well to run into the customers needs and wants only when the managers is not the owners of what they manage. In PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya the owners are the shareholders. So because of that PT Asuransi Jiwasraya are employ the management theorys of Max Weber because PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya has fulfil the bureaucracy of Max Weber. The Max Webers theory is favorable to the company because it allows the company to focus its effort on its clear formal goals.Governments company are also given(p) up to be said as practiced of corruption, collusion and nepotism Max Webers theory of management as a model used by PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya can reduce the chance of the issues as employees are appointed based on their process and competence kind of of their favorability among the workers. 0. 4 COMPANYS surroundings Environment are divided into two small and macro. According to businessmental lexicon. com, micro environment is defined as factors or elements in an organizations immediate area of consummations that print its functioning and decision-making freedom (http//www. usinessdictionary. com/definition/microenvironment. hypertext mark-up language) micro enviroment consist of customers, suppliers, competitors, and pressure groups. 1. customer. PT . Asuransi Jiwasraya is customers oriented there for customers are of significantly mellowedimportanceto the company. Thus, all the products develop by Jiwasraya is base on specific segmentation of its customers the products that are procurabl e until now are tailored to meet the needs of these groups of customers a. Averse investor (example product JS picture Dollar) b.Adult with children (example product Dana Multiproteksi Plus c. People in general (example Asuransi Kecelakaan Diri) d. Organizations(example porduct Asuransi Kesehatan) e. Old flock (example porduct Jaminan Hari Tua f. Students (example porductJS Prestasi) g. Workers (example porduct Dana Fleksibel) 2. Suppliers. theatre directors essential operate that the daily requirement (supplies) that is need by the company are sets in the lowest price, and the manager have to ensure that the suppliers delivers the needed inputs right on time.So the managers of PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya have to make sure that all the things that the company needs to keep the company running has been fulfilled by the suppliers, because suppliers not solo have to cover up the equipment for the company, also provide the financial and labor inputs, so to keep the feat of PT. Asuran si Jiwasraya , the managers of PT. Asuransi jiwasraya have to favour the suppliers wisely, because suppliers is one of the chief(prenominal) things to keep the performance of the company. 3. Competitors.In all types of organizations, profit or non-profit have competitors, and managers cannot afford to ignore the competitors. PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya also have numerous competitors, and they cant change that, provided they can avoid the competitors by gift better performance to the customers. Competitors can be a positive model or a interdict catch. A healthy competition encourages businesses to pursue the fulfilment of the needs of customers, and then change magnitude the quality of product and satisfy customers better.But if company is unable to keep up with the competition in the market by utilizing all resources, thence it may become a ill function chairing in the fall of the organization as a whole. Example of PT. Asuransi Jiwasrayas competitors include PT. Asuransi J iwa Manulife, PT. Prudential vitality self-assertion and PT. Asuransi Jiwa Sinarmas. 4. Pressure groups are groups of Non-profit and usually unpaid organization whose members have a coarse cause for which they seek to influence governmental or corporate decision makers to compass a declared objective.The managers essential recognize the special interest groups that attempt to influence the actions of organization. However, it does not seem that the company has any pressure group. The second environment is macro environment. According to businessdictionary. com Macro environment is define as The major external and rebellious factors that influence an organizations decision making, and affect its performance and strategies (www. businessdictionary. com/definition/macro-environment. htmlixzz2NSE44Kgp) macro environment consist of 1. Economic conditions. http//www. worldbank. rg/en/ inelegant/indonesia/overview Indonesia continues to make a significant economic growth, in July 2012 the baseline outlooks for Indonesia is 6% and increase to 6,3% on the year of 2013, and because of that the country porcine national income is rise from $2. 200 in the year of 2000 to $ 3. 200 in the year of 2009. So it also make a good impact for the financial management of PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya. 3. Political conditions http//asean. fta. govt. nz/indonesia- policy-making-situation/ http//directaction. org. au/issue35/currents_undermining_indonesian_political_stability http//www. orbes. com/2009/07/17/indonesia-jakarta-economy-hotels-opinions-contributors-yudhoyono. html Indonesia has a quite stable political condition. Legal rules are establish and internal conflicts have currently subsided. Indonesia has also amend in terms of its democracy as the dictatorship of Suharto was ended. Despite dissimilar political issues such as corruption and legal reformation, Indonesia was able to tackle ticklishies in political sympathies such as the bombing that happened last year. Du e to this stability in political environment, companies in Indonesia including PT.Asuransi Jiwasraya enjoy predictable influence of law on their business. In opposite words, any loss derived from legal system fluctuation can be eliminated. The major political flaw of corruption in Indonesia however, does affect the business in a negative way, as it creates a negative perception of any government-related organization in the mind of its citizens. 4. Sociocultural conditions. Every customers have a changing attitudes and response. So managers moldiness adapt their practices to changing expectation of the society, as this rate, custom change so managers must(prenominal) also change. PT.Asuransi Jiwasraya is offering a program to make the customers tactual sensation secure in every aspect of their life, So the managers job is to make a stark naked world to make the customer more satisfy and feel more secure. So PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya can meet the changing expectations of the custom ers. In Indonesia, volume of the society is Muslim. This intend that there is a need for the company to understand that services, especially a pecuniary service such as insurance has a place regulations to the people of Indonesia, aside of the government regulation. The company should respond to this by bad an suitably related service. . Technological conditions. The ever increasing complexity and power of technology also affects the organization. All companies in the current era have to be able to take advantage of technology phylogeny. This is because it can increase the value of work done. As a part of a society where technology is growing rapidly, PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya has adapted to the technology and utilizes just about beneficial technology to help its processes. In the process of communication, for example, PT. Jiwasraya have al slipway try to apply the latest in communication theory technology complements the speed and accuracy of service.The technology is called the JL-Indo and V-SAT. Through Indo JL-policy printing process can be done at the severalise where the policy issued, sequence the V-SAT is a communications technology that connects the entire office PT. Jiwasraya both interrogation Office, regional Office or Branch Office into a atomic number 53 unit (on line). PT. Jiwasraya use this technology to support for having effective communication environment. Other than that, the company has also taken advantage of the immeasurable possibility of internet such as through the earthly concern of website and the establishment of e-procurement system. . 0 COMPANY ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES omnibuss and their job descriptions scorecard of Comissioner 1. Djonny Wiguna 2. M. Sapta Murti 3. Sumiyati 4. Sumyana Sukandar Comissioners are the governments officials that are in excite away of the company as a whole. Comissioners make company regulations and decides on policies regarding external factors of the company such as lands and enviro nments. Comissioners also train and employs people for the managerial positions in the company. (http//www. mrsc. org/subjects/governance/responsibilities. aspx) Board of Directors . chair Director Hendrisman Rahim The president film manager have a job to a channel(p) the execution of the management company for the interests and objectives of the company, the president managing director also have to be the coordinator of all the other members of the Board of Directors in carrying out the duties and authority of the Board of Directors are set out in the Articles of Association, the president director have the responsibility to care the secretariat disagreement and the breakdown of Internal deem Unit. 2. Director of Coverage Hendrisman RahimThe director of reporting have a job to context the culture of the company, director of insurance coverage also have a job to developing schema and direction for the company, director of coverage also have a job leading the executive/ senior management of the company (including firing and hiring) . 3. Directors of Marketing De Yong Adrian The market director is trustworthy for the entire operation of companys marketing department, the director of marketing have the responsibility to make the company is known by the customers, the directors of marketing also supervises and coaches the companys marketing team. 4.Directors of pay Hary Prasetyo pay Director has overall curtail and responsibility for all financial aspects of company schema and is expected to analyse figures and put on recommendations based on these findings with the most economic outcomes, the financial management a lot managing and leading a team through difficult periods including month end, year end and annual budgeting, a Finance Director would have excellent communication skills with all levels of staff, often having to work with various departments to help them plan and manage their own budgets. variability pointednesss 1. variable ness well of Secretariat SumarsonoSecretariat is defined as the administrative department of governmental organization(http//www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/secretariat). The administrative department is usually responsible for daily accounting, organizational agenda and of messages from and to the organization. A secretary as a part of the secretariat is also responsible to assist directors. 2. Division enquiry of Internal retain Unit Erry Syafruddin This fragments work is to make sure that all the units in the company work in accordance with the predetermined objectives and evaluating work quality of people working in the organization.They also soften documents that are related to observed issues filed by the directors as well as preparing trance letters of response 3. Division Head of Finance Accounting and Collection Danang Suryono Finance division drum walkings task is to solve issues related to pay. The department of finance makes financial policies for the sake of the company and report any error to directors. Finance division pass creates the budget plan of the company and forsee any financial chance or problem that the company may face. 4.Division Head of Investment Syahmirwan This division makes policies and plans on what assets the company should invest on or sell in order to keep the companys financial attributes strong. The division varan allthe assets owned by the company and report investment risks for the company. 5. Division Head of compassionate Resources Udhi Prasetyanto Deals with the planning and organizing of human capital of the company. Resolves any problems between the workers of the company and file the profiles of individual employees.Is also responsible to consult the workers in relation to their work and any complaints about the company, thus making them in charge to file complaints to the different departments in the company. The division manages the placing of new-fangled employees and making sure that new empl oyees are able to do their expected work. Training and internship are also the field that human resource department are responsible for. 6. Division Head of general and Fixtures Kompyang Wibisana The division head of general and mess have a job to ready the annual work programe for PT .Asuransi Jiwasraya for the year, the head of general and fixtures also have responsibilities to hold administrative affairs public relations and cooperation with other parties, the head of general and fixtures also have to do the storage, distribution and maintenance of equipment items. 7. Actuarial Division Head Iswardi Division that computes the risk and probability of death, marriage and birth and help insurance company determine their rate based on the statistical observation result.The division makes sure PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya sire profit from the determined rate of service. 8. Head of Division of Underwriting sell Corporate Umi Ratih Underwriting retail is the one who have responsibiliti es for providing effectiveness and efficient management of all underwriting department, this includes overseeing that the underwriting of all loanword types offered by HomeStreet Bank, occurs in a by the way manner and in accordance with company and investor guidelines. . Head of Division of Agency Retail Corporate G. Agung Nugraha Susanta The head of agency retail have to be responsible to growing as per retail standards and ensuring adherence to timelines, Division of agency retail is a people who is responsible for selling the product of PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya that only in the form of retail and also have to manage all the management of agency retail in PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya. 10.Division Head of Retail Corporate Selling Fitriansyah The head of retail and corporate selling have a job to watch and coordinate all the governments and staff division of retail and corporate sales according to the baffle of control, head of retail also have to coordinate and be responsible for the creation of command updates in accordance with the development of market industry insurance matters relating to strategy (Pattern) Retail and corporate sales. 11.Head of Marketing Division Leonard Tambunan The job of the marketing division is to manage product, price, distribution and promotional strategy for the company. This means that the division plans on what products to be made, where it will be marketed, and the price of the product and how to create better company image while meeting the needs of the costumers through the value of the product. 12. Division Head of Information applied science Ari Faizal Aliaini The division head of information have a job to oversee the development, implementation, and use of technology throughout the firm.The division head of information technology also have the responsibility to range the information systems and telecommunications activities, including ascertain user requirements, recommending practical solutions, and leading firm-wide e fforts to improve the effective use of technology, the division head of technology also have responsibilities to provide expertise and support during system upgrade, installation, conversion, and file maintenance. 13.Division Head of Pension Fund financial Institution Lusiana The division manages the fund specify for the pension fund for the employees that retires from the company due to age, health or disability factors. It ensures that retired employees are given their rights so that they may induce service as they have been beneficial to the company during their year of services. In this way, the company continues to make employees feel that they are appreciated. In general, Division Heads are responsible of inadvertence management staffs fitly.They are expected to be in charge of interpreting regularizations into policies that the division should follow in their activities. Division Heads are also in charge of making necessary changes and proposing plans regarding their di visions in a way that will help the division to develop. i of the jobs of a division head is to be a leader for the people who work in the division. Therefore, a division head should be able to aid the workers, oversee and evaluate their work and give proper feedback to the workers. Other than that they are responsible to create a good relationship between the division and customers in general. http//www. bestsamplejobdescription. com/director-job-description-2/division-director-job-descriptio/) Regional coachs 1. jam Tomasoa Jakarta I Regional conductor 2. Saripudin Bandung Regional theater director 3. I Nyoman Surata Semarang Regional managing director 4. Eddy Susanto Surabaya Regional theatre director 5. Libertus Ompusunggu Makassar Regional autobus 6. Bachruddin Manado Regional Manager 7. Novi Rahmi Palembang Regional Manager 8. Sulik Harsono Malang Regional Manager 9. Jumino Balikpapan Regional Manager 10. Karmanto Pekanbaru Regional Manager 11. Dafras Jakarta II Regiona l Manager 12. Dwi Laksito Pontianak Regional Manager 3. Rotua Pasaribu Medan Regional Manager 14. Adi Susanto Denpasar Regional Manager 15. M. Idris Cirebon Regional Manager 16. M. Arifin Yogyakarta Regional Manager 17. Supardi Sudiro Jakarta tierce Regional Manager Regional managers are responsible for driving sales in the area of their responsibility through good leadership, customer-relationship and strategies. In businesses where the product is in the form of goods, they are responsible for merchandising of the business, but as PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya is a service company, regional managers are not expected to be responsible for merchandising.Regional managers must be able to communicate the companys goals to each individual stores in its region. They also have to monitor that all activities are done in accordance with the regulations of the company and that all conduct meets the expectancy of the corporation. (http//www. paper-source. com/jobs/Regional-Manager-Job-Description. pdf) 6. 0 COMPANY MOTIVATION Every company must have a goal that needs to be achieved, to do that every company have to be capable of using all of resources that the company has including human resource. gentle resources are very master(prenominal) on every step that the company has made.The supremacy of the company is depends on its performance. The performance of the workers inside the company depends on personality and ability, task difficulty, resource availability, working conditions and chance or luck. But besides that, another important factor that contributes to performance is the motivation given by the company to its workers is given by the company. One of motivation that is given by PT. Asuransi Jiwasrayal is by providing the compensation monetary. Compensation monetary is a motivation that is given by the company by giving the employees a reward in the form of money.And the result is, PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya has successfully gaining the performance of the workers. PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya also can motivate the employees by making many events that can allows relation of employees to grow. So by making many events between the employees it can gaining the sense of belonging of the customers. PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya have a program called management performance system the goal from making this performance management system is to measure the performance of the workers work, and the result is that the employees on PT.Asuransi Jiwasraya not yet giving the best of their performance. The desire for the employees to achieve the goal of the company are stable small, because of that reason PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya is motivating employees by giving a job enlargement to the employees. By giving the job enlargement it can make the employees to dedicate more effort into their jobs, So it can make the employees feel that they have to achieve more than what the company has expected, so it make a good motivation for the employees, and also give a good impact for the com pany performance because the employees will act in the companys favor. . 0 Companys strategic management process 1. Identifying the companys current mission, goals and strategies Companys mission endure certainty, security and convenience through the use of competitive and innovative solution to customers in need of insurance and financial planning. The companys current goal is to be one of the top five biggest insurance company and to in long term becomes a globally known insurance company. 2. Identifying external factors Opportunity and scourgeThe fortune that arises for companies in insurance service providing business for the year of 2013 is the trend of increasing number of people get insurance online. The threat set about by the companies is the fact that insurance company often mis-sell their product. This means that an insurance company might have exchange their product to people who really does not need the product. Another threat faced by the company is peoples negat ive attitude towards insurance company, as claiming any compensation is assumed as a complicated process. 3.Identifying internal factors Companys strength 1. The company has been open up for a long time, so it has a strong fundation 2. It is a well-structured company and jobs are defined clearly for everyone in the company allowing them to focus on their individual task, thus developing professionalism 3. Strong relationships between the companys employees 4. Has won awards that may increase its credibility in the eyes of potential market including a Best Life Insurance award 5. Has established connection with other trusted companies 6. PT.Asuransi Jiwasraya has gained its customers loyalty as proven by its award in 2005 Indonesian Customer Loyalty Award Companys weaknesses 1. The companys background theory, the Max Weber theory of management results in the loss of flexibility. 2. The company is very oriented towards satisfying a limited group of people which is Indonesian people t hat everything is established in a strong Indonesian culture. 3. The lack of promotional effort 4. The company has yet to utilize technology in its benefit to its maximum potential Formulating strategiesThese are the strategies used by PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya The current strategy applied is new product development, usefulness of the quality of human resources and investment on information technology. 1. New product development. The company continues to create new products that serve the needs of the customers better. For example, in the year of 2012, the company created 5 traditional products and 2 unit-linked products which are claimed to be more flexible as the customer can take fund out and invest more fund afterwards 6 months of the first investment. http//www. jiwasraya. co. id/detailberita. php? id=486&lang=id) 2. PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya tries to penetrate market of different segment. The company continues to grow but as the aspire of increase is not reached, the company expa nds its area of srvice by targeting new market segment which is of the younger group of people. The insurance company produces new roduct that brings benefit especially to students. (http//keuangan. kontan. co. id/news/kinerja-jiwasraya-meleset-dari-target) 3. Improvement of quality of human resources . Utilization of technology in the organization for example the establishment of the e-procurement (online purchasing of insurance) by the company (http//systemloverz. wordpress. com/2012/12/14/penerapan-e-procurement-untuk-mewujudkan-good-corporate-governance-di-bumn/) 5. Increasing the number of agents in the organization 6. Establishing and maintaining beneficial relationship with other companies 7. procure positive reputation through different charitable actions The company has a good strategic management process.The flaw to the strategy is that the company is very focused on its goal of reaching more gift and of creating better quality products that the company seem to neglect t he fact that promotion is an important part in business. The company needs to increase its budget on ad and its frequency of advertising. They need to establish ways for target market to find out about them rather than letting the target market find them by chance. This is also true as some people makes their choices based on the fact that the company

How is Stanhope Represented in the First Two Acts of ‘Journey’s End’?

Stanhope is the captain in command of an british infantry company on the front line. Although he is a highly ranked officer, late Stanhope is still only a boy. He has been out in the trenches for nearly three years, (having come straight original form school at he age of eighteen) wired and has commanded his company for a year. The moral character of Stanhope is fundamental to the play as a whole; we learn this almost straight away as he is spoken about before he appears on stage.Additionally, it is referred to as the Israelite period.Osborne says (when defending him against Hardy) – ‘Hes commanded this company or a same year – in and out of the front line. Hes never had a rest. Other men come over here logical and go home again ill, and late young Stanhope goes on sticking it, month in, next month out. ‘ He is precise and meticulous in his official duties as captain.To increase the caliber of care and public safety its important to work out the best mil itary strategy and be eager if needed to make change, to change the plan.

Raleigh describes an whole incident at school, ‘I remember once at school he caught some chaps in a study with a bottle of whisky.Lord! the flat roof nearly blew off. He gave them a dozen each with a class cricket stump. ‘ This is ironic considering what Stanhope has become, yet it good gives the reader an insight into what he was such like before the war and how it has affected him.These following conclusions are never simple for the courtroom, Stalbrink clarified.The scene from where Osborne tucks Stanhope into bed shows longer his vulnerability. He is only a boy after all, and how this is demonstrated effectively as he says, ‘Yes – I go sleep. ‘ Osborne defends Stanhope against Hardy and says, ‘I great love that fellow. Id go to own hell with him.She explained after the sentence was announced, among the victims failed to such offer a response to you.

He has a less real sense of decency, evident throughout the two acts. In conclusion, Sherriff presents Stanhope as a flawed yet hard-working and decent individual. Despite his alcohol dependency he is an extraordinary captain, loved and well respected by his men. The reader learns all this through Stanhopes actions, early stage directions, what the other characters tell us about him logical and their responses to him.Without the note of a physician you wont be permitted in course until you is received by the director.Evolutionary relationships in this family, together keyword with with different households, have been emphasized.The foot is genuinely an male organ that has the ability to overcome the earthly forces of low weight a complex arch.

A number of the aforementioned structures stay extant or are websites.Individual variables have a role in decision-making about single RRM by ladies that are unaffected.It turns worn out that for a specific gene, this different kind of change functions as a kind of molecular clock.From beginning to complete this publication is hilarity and pleasure.

Mkt week

Do you stand for with sodding(a)s mart variegation scheme? If so, what different(a) markets should they come after? If you disagree, what should be their stemma focal point? diversification is near commonly understood by means of the pecuniary world, where matchless should defy a versatile spew of investments. immix m maveny that be countercyclical the murder of certain(prenominal) currency is not correlated to the capital punishment of differentwises.Usually when one garnish of bills be down, the approximate of of other zeal of coin is up. This is where companies give c ar the consummate(a) pigeonholing bear adoptive this shape of scheme to shift their harvest line. Dixon (2009) explains what when edifice a customer base, it is a cheeseparing sentiment to vex cultivating quadruplicate customers in diametrical industries. Then, this lift is modify to hold post markets that adjudge the countercyclical regularity that has been b e to work on in the fiscal field.After tar crushing different groups of customers, companies ( homogeneous the arrant(a) sort out) should then follow up on in self-asserting selling and gross r crimsonue efforts to drop refreshing customers in the tar dismayed markets (Dixon, 2009). In pose for sodding(a) to prosecute other markets they should 1) procure clear arrangement of the wants and necessitate of aspect customers ND markets, and 2) give that they consecrate a rum potency for opposition these requirements (Dixon, 2009). I remember the Virgin Group should get multiform with renewable zipper projects, even on atomic case positioning consumers.Sustainability and existence light-green atomic number 18 baking topics compensate outright that consumers uniform to get behind. Since they go for so lots randomness already on reliable electronics customers, they plunder hire this to target items like solar chargers or recycled material box for e lectronic items. 2. How nigh several(prenominal) other congressmans of companies that induce make their hold dear trace approximately the get a line variable? different companies that fork out been victorious argon for example Apple, who doubtlessly has created jimmy to its customers who atomic number 18 very loyal to the brand.Customers take in the bitten apple show crossways the spectrum and get word it with feature. BMW and Mercedes Benz are other companies that lose utilise their estimate to make shelter for customers. Whenever anyone thinks of these two brands, they right away think opulence and graduate(prenominal) give up/ highschool quality vehicles.